Method of preparing antibody by gene immunization

ABSTRACT

The present invention of the application provides a method for producing an antibody which comprises inoculating an expression vector expressing a fusion protein to an animal, and isolating and purifying an antibody against an antigenic protein from the animal, wherein the fusion protein is an antigenic protein fused to the C-terminal side of a transmembrane domain in which the N-terminal side is located in the cell and the C-terminal is out of the cell. According to the present invention, an antibody against an antigenic protein, which it was difficult to produce in the so far known gene immunization, can be produced. The resulting an antibody is useful as drugs, diagnostic agents, and reagents for the research.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention of the present application relates to a method for producing an antibody by gene immunization. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of enabling easy production of an antibody useful as drugs, diagnostic agents, reagents for the research, and etc., and to an expression vector used in this method.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002] An antibody has widely been utilized as reagents for the research for the purpose of detection, purification, elimination, inhibition of a protein or the like, because it has property of recognizing- specific protein and binding thereto. Recently, it has widely been used not only as reagents for the research but also as drugs or diagnostic agents.

[0003] In producing antibodies, it has so far been general to use a method that a large amount of protein as an antigen is purified and injected to an animal or animals such as rabbits or mice to collect antibodies generated in sera. It required, however, much time and a great deal of labor to obtain a large amount of a purified antigenic protein. It is desired to provide a more convenient method for producing antibodies, accordingly.

[0004] Recently, it was reported that when a gene coding for an influenza virus nucleoprotein is integrated into an expression vector and intramuscularly injected directly as DNA to mice, then virus proteins are produced in the murine bodies and additionally the antibody against these proteins are generated in the sera. (Ulmer et al., Science 259: 1745-1749, 1993; Ginsbert et al., “Vaccines 93”). As a result, this expression vector received much attention as a new type of vaccine, that is, DNA vaccine, since mice have acquired immunity to virus. Thus, it has been designated as gene immunization that an expression vector for an antigenic protein is inoculated directly to an animal to generate immunity. In using gene immunization, however, in some cases, the titer of the generated antibody is very low or no antibody is generated depending on the kind of the antigen used.

[0005] It was reported as an example of gene immunization that ovalbumin was fused in the downstream of transmembrane domain of transferrin receptor to form a membrane type and it was injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously to mice in order to investigate an effect of the expression site of antigenic protein on the efficacy of gene immunization. The titer of the antibodies generated, however, rather decreased since the protein was converted into a membrane type. (Boyle et al., Int. Immunol. 9: 1897-1906, 1997).

[0006] The purpose of the invention of present application is to provide a method for producing antibodies to proteins, which it was difficult to produce in so far known gene immunization methods.

[0007] Additionally, the purpose of the invention is to provide an expression vector used in the above-mentioned method for producing an antibody.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The present application, as the invention for solving the above-described problems, provides a method for producing an antibody which comprises inoculating an expression vector expressing a fusion protein to an animal, isolating an antibody against an antigenic protein from the animal and purifying the antibody, wherein the fusion protein is an antigenic protein fused with the C-terminal of a transmembrane domain of which the N-terminal side is located in the cell and the C-terminal side is out of the cell.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment in this method for producing an antibody, the transmembrane domain is a polypeptide having at least the amino acid sequence from 1st to 26th of SEQ ID NO. 2.

[0010] The application also provides an expression vector expressing a fusion protein in which an antigenic protein is fused with the C-terminal side of transmembrane domain of which the N-terminal side is located in the cell and the C-terminal side is out of the cell.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this expression vector, the transmembrane domain is a polypeptide having at least the amino acid sequence from 1st to 26th of SEQ ID NO. 2.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012]FIG. 1 shows the structure of urokinase fusion gene.

[0013]FIG. 2 is an example illustrative of determination of antibody titer by ELISA when gene immunization has been carried out with a urokinase expression vector.

[0014]FIG. 3 is an example illustrative of determination of antibody titer by ELISA when gene immunization has been carried out with a nuclear protein HP10496 expression vector.

[0015]FIG. 4 shows the respective N-terminal amino acid sequences of fusion proteins comprising urokinase and transmembrane domains in a variety of membrane proteins.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0016] In a method for producing antibodies according to the invention, the expression vector to be inoculated to animals may be constructed as an expression vector having a fusion polynucleotide that consists of a polynucleotide encoding an antigenic protein and a polynucleotide encoding a transmembrane domain.

[0017] As for an antigenic protein, any one that can generate an antigen-antibody reaction in vivo may be used. The polynucleotide encoding an antigenic protein may be any one of genomic DNA, cDNA, synthetic DNA, etc., as far as it has an open reading frame (ORF). When the antigenic protein is an inherent secretory protein, it is used after removal of the signal sequence peptide originally possessed by the protein.

[0018] As for the transmembrane domain, any domain may be used as far as its N-terminal side is in the cell and the C-terminal side is out of the cell. For example, transmembrane domains of type II-membrane proteins or those of multispan-type membrane proteins may be used. The proteins that an antigenic protein is fused to the C-terminal side of these transmembrane domains take forms that the antigenic protein portion exists on the surface of the cell membrane. As for the transmembrane domain, for example, that of human type-II membrane protein HP10085 (SEQ ID NO: 2) may be used. In this case, the transmembrane domain to be fused with an antigenic protein is a polypeptide containing at least 1st methionine (Met) to 26th lysine (Lys) of SEQ ID NO: 2. The polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide contains at least the base sequence from 151st-228th of SEQ ID NO: 1 (cDNA of human type-II membrane protein HP10085). This polynucleotide is linked to a polynucleotide encoding the above-mentioned antigenic protein, and the expression vector can be constructed using the fusion polynucleotide which expresses a fusion protein that an antigenic protein is fused to the C-terminal side of the transmembrane domain (polypeptide).

[0019] As for vectors expressing fusion proteins, any ones for eucaryotic cells may be used as far as they contain a promoter, a splicing region, a poly (A) addition site, etc., such as pKA1, pCDM8, pSVK3, pMSG, pSVL, pBK-CMV, pBK-RSV, EBV vectors, and the like. The two above-described polynucleotides are cloned to these vectors to make expression vectors that express respectively coded proteins as fusion proteins.

[0020] Animals to which an expression vector is inoculated include mammals such as mouse, rat, rabbit, etc., and birds such as chicken, etc., which are generally used in producing antibodies. Inoculation of the expression vectors to animals may preferably be achieved using a gene gun technology and the like. When a gene gun technology is used, the expression vector is adsorbed on gold particles and emitted as a jet to the skin with gas pressure and the like for inoculation. The amount of the expression vector to be inoculated is variable depending on the species of animal and may preferably be in a range of 0.1 μg-1 mg/animal. One-shot inoculation is acceptable, but it is desirable to carry out the inoculation twice or more at regular intervals in order to assure generation of the antibodies.

[0021] The generation of the antibody may be confirmed by collecting blood, separating serum, and examining the binding reaction with the antigenic protein. For example, a known method such as enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), Western blotting, immuno-precipitation, antibody staining, and the like may be used. After confirmation of the presence of the antibody in the serum by these methods, the serum may be used as a polyclonal antibody specimen as it is or may be purified by affinity column chromatography to yield IgG. Alternatively, the spleen may be taken out from the animal acquiring immunity and the monoclonal antibody can be produced in a conventional manner.

EXAMPLES

[0022] The following examples serve to illustrate the invention in more detail and specifically but are not intended as a limitation thereof. In these examples, basic procedures for recombination of DNA and enzyme reactions are carried out according to the articles, “Molecular Cloning; A laboratory manual”, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1989. Restriction enzymes and a variety of modified enzymes were obtained from Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., unless otherwise stated. The compositions of buffer solutions in respective enzyme reactions and the reaction conditions were set according to the specification attached.

[0023] (1) Construction of an Expression Vector for the Urokinase-Fusion Protein

[0024] When urokinase is used as an antigenic protein, 3 kinds of expression vectors were used, that is, for secretion expression, for membrane form expression, and for intracellular expression. That is, the following vectors were respectively used: for secretion expression, pSSD1-UPA22 which expresses the signal sequence and protease domain of urokinase (Yokoyama-Kobayashi et al., Gene 163: 193-196, 1995); for membrane form expression, pSSD3-10085H which expresses a protein prepared by fusing a sequence from the N-terminal side to the 35th proline (Pro) of type II-membrane protein HP10085 (SEQ ID NO: 2) with the protease domain of urokinase (Yokoyama-Kobayashi et al., Gene 228: 161-167, 1999); for intracellular expression, pSSD1-UPA2 which expresses only the protease domain of urokinase by eliminating the signal sequence of urokinase (Yokoyama-Kobayashi et al., Gene 163: 193-196, 1995). FIG. 1 shows the structure of respective fusion gene portions. In every case, the structure is the same except the portion encoding fusion protein. That is, they have the early promoter of SV40, 16S mRNA splicing region of SV40 and poly (A) addition site of SV40.

[0025] (2) Construction of an Expression Vector for the Fusion Protein with Nuclear Protein

[0026] As an antigenic protein, protein HP10496 localized in the nuclear spliceosome was used. cDNA clone pHP10496 encoding this protein was cloned from a human gastric cancer cDNA library (WO98/21328). This has the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 as well as ORF which encodes protein HP10496 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. Using a 30 mer sense primer (oligonucleotide of SEQ ID NO: 5) starting from a translation initiation codon to which a EcoRV recognition site was added and a 30 mer antisense primer (oligonucleotide of SEQ ID NO: 6) containing a stop codon to which an EcoRV recognition site was added, the translation region was amplified by PCR using pHP10496 as template. The PCR product was digested with EcoRV, and inserted into an EcoRV-NotI (blunt ends) site of a membrane-type of urokinase expression vector pSSD3-10085N to construct a fusion gene expression vector pHP10085N-10496.

[0027] In order to obtain an antigenic protein for antibody detection, an expression vector for expressing a protein fused with glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in Escherichia coli was constructed. Using a 28 mer sense primer (oligonucleotide of SEQ ID NO: 7) starting from a translation initiation codon to which a EcoRI recognition site was added and a 32 mer antisense primer (oligonucleotide of SEQ ID NO: 8) containing a stop codon to which a SalI recognition site was added, the translation region was amplified by PCR using pHP10496 as template. The PCR product was digested with EcoRI and SalI and inserted into the EcoRI-SalI site of pGEX-5X-1 (Pharmacia Corp.). After confirmation of the sequence, a host Escherichia coli BL21 was transformed and incubated on an LB medium at 37° C. for 5 hours. Then, IPTG was added at a final concentration of 0.4 mM, and the mixture was further incubated at 37° C. for 2.5 hours. The cells were centrifuged, dissolved in a lysis buffer solution (50 mM Tris-HCl (pH7.5), 1 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100, 0.2% SDS, 0.2 mM PMSF), frozen once at −80° C. and thawed, and destroyed by sonication. After centrifugation at 1000×g for 30 minutes, Glutathione Sepharose 4B was added to the supernatant, and the mixture was incubated at 420 C. for 1 hour. The beads were washed well, and the fusion protein was eluted with an elution buffer solution (10 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM glutathione). As a result, fusion protein GST-HP10496 having molecular weight of approximately 47 kDa was obtained.

[0028] (3) Gene Immunization

[0029] Gene immunization was achieved with a gene gun (Helios Gene Gun System; Japan Bio-Rad Laboratories). Expression vector plasmid DNA was attached onto gold particles according to the protocol. DNA-coated gold particles corresponding to 2 μg of plasmid DNA were shot into the skin of inguinal region of 3 mice (BALB/c) per sample. The immunization was carried out twice a week for 4 weeks, and the blood was then collected.

[0030] (4) Detection of the Antibody by ELISA

[0031] As an antigenic protein, commercially available urokinase (Wakamori Jun-yaku) or GST-HP10496 expressed in Escherichia coli was coated on a plate and it was used in ELISA. The serum obtained by gene immunization with urokinase or nuclear protein HP10496 as antigen was used to measure the titer of the antibodies. The results are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In any cases, production of antibodies was recognized only in immunization with the vector expressing the proteins to which the N-terminal of HP10085 was fused.

[0032] (5) Gene Immunization with Fusion Proteins Comprising the Transmembrane Domain of Various Species of Type II-Membrane Proteins and Urokinase

[0033] From a human full-length cDNA data bank, the following 5 species of type II-membrane protein cDNAs, HP01347 (SEQ ID NO: 9), HP10328 (SEQ ID NO: 10), HP10390 (SEQ ID NO: 11), HP10433 (SEQ ID NO: 12), and HP10481 (SEQ ID NO: 13) were identified, and the vectors expressing fusion proteins of urokinase with the respective transmembrane domains were constructed (Yokoyama-Kobayashi et al., Gene 228: 161-167, 1999). FIG. 4 shows the respective N-terminal amino acid sequences.

[0034] The gene immunization was carried out with these expression vectors according to the method as described in the above item (3), and the antibodies to urokinase were detected according to the method as described in the above item (4). In respective cases, production of antibodies was recognized in the same as in HP10085.

Industrial Applicability

[0035] According to the present invention, an antibody against an antigenic protein, which it was difficult to produce in the so far known gene immunization, can be produced. The resulting an antibody is useful as drugs, diagnostic agents, and reagents for the research.

1 13 1 697 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (151)..(600) 1 tatacctcta gtttggagct gtgctgtaaa aacaagagta acatttttat attaaagtta 60 aataaagtta caactttgaa gagagtttct gcaagacatg acacaaagct gctagcagaa 120 aatcaaaacg ctgattaaaa gaagcacggt atg atg acc aaa cat aaa aag tgt 174 Met Met Thr Lys His Lys Lys Cys 1 5 ttt ata att gtt ggt gtt tta ata aca act aat att att act ctg ata 222 Phe Ile Ile Val Gly Val Leu Ile Thr Thr Asn Ile Ile Thr Leu Ile 10 15 20 gtt aaa cta act cga gat tct cag agt tta tgc ccc tat gat tgg att 270 Val Lys Leu Thr Arg Asp Ser Gln Ser Leu Cys Pro Tyr Asp Trp Ile 25 30 35 40 ggt ttc caa aac aaa tgc tat tat ttc tct aaa gaa gaa gga gat tgg 318 Gly Phe Gln Asn Lys Cys Tyr Tyr Phe Ser Lys Glu Glu Gly Asp Trp 45 50 55 aat tca agt aaa tac aac tgt tcc act caa cat gcc gac cta act ata 366 Asn Ser Ser Lys Tyr Asn Cys Ser Thr Gln His Ala Asp Leu Thr Ile 60 65 70 att gac aac ata gaa gaa atg aat ttt ctt agg cgg tat aaa tgc agt 414 Ile Asp Asn Ile Glu Glu Met Asn Phe Leu Arg Arg Tyr Lys Cys Ser 75 80 85 tct gat cac tgg att gga ctg aag atg gca aaa aat cga aca gga caa 462 Ser Asp His Trp Ile Gly Leu Lys Met Ala Lys Asn Arg Thr Gly Gln 90 95 100 tgg gta gat gga gct aca ttt acc aaa tcg ttt ggc atg aga ggg agt 510 Trp Val Asp Gly Ala Thr Phe Thr Lys Ser Phe Gly Met Arg Gly Ser 105 110 115 120 gaa gga tgt gcc tac ctc agc gat gat ggt gca gca aca gct aga tgt 558 Glu Gly Cys Ala Tyr Leu Ser Asp Asp Gly Ala Ala Thr Ala Arg Cys 125 130 135 tac acc gaa aga aaa tgg att tgc agg aaa aga ata cac taa 600 Tyr Thr Glu Arg Lys Trp Ile Cys Arg Lys Arg Ile His 140 145 gttaatgtct aagataatgg ggaaaataga aaataacatt attaagtgta aaaccagcaa 660 agtacttttt taattaaaca aagttcgagt tttgtac 697 2 149 PRT Homo sapiens 2 Met Met Thr Lys His Lys Lys Cys Phe Ile Ile Val Gly Val Leu Ile 1 5 10 15 Thr Thr Asn Ile Ile Thr Leu Ile Val Lys Leu Thr Arg Asp Ser Gln 20 25 30 Ser Leu Cys Pro Tyr Asp Trp Ile Gly Phe Gln Asn Lys Cys Tyr Tyr 35 40 45 Phe Ser Lys Glu Glu Gly Asp Trp Asn Ser Ser Lys Tyr Asn Cys Ser 50 55 60 Thr Gln His Ala Asp Leu Thr Ile Ile Asp Asn Ile Glu Glu Met Asn 65 70 75 80 Phe Leu Arg Arg Tyr Lys Cys Ser Ser Asp His Trp Ile Gly Leu Lys 85 90 95 Met Ala Lys Asn Arg Thr Gly Gln Trp Val Asp Gly Ala Thr Phe Thr 100 105 110 Lys Ser Phe Gly Met Arg Gly Ser Glu Gly Cys Ala Tyr Leu Ser Asp 115 120 125 Asp Gly Ala Ala Thr Ala Arg Cys Tyr Thr Glu Arg Lys Trp Ile Cys 130 135 140 Arg Lys Arg Ile His 145 3 548 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (30)..(503) 3 cttattgctg gcggcctgag gagcccatc atg gcg acg ccc cct aag cgg cgg 53 Met Ala Thr Pro Pro Lys Arg Arg 1 5 gcg gtg gag gcc acg ggg gag aaa gtg ctg cgc tac gag acc ttc atc 101 Ala Val Glu Ala Thr Gly Glu Lys Val Leu Arg Tyr Glu Thr Phe Ile 10 15 20 agt gac gtg ctg cag cgg gac ttg cga aag gtg ctg gac cat cga gac 149 Ser Asp Val Leu Gln Arg Asp Leu Arg Lys Val Leu Asp His Arg Asp 25 30 35 40 aag gta tat gag cag ctg gcc aaa tac ctt caa ctg aga aat gtc att 197 Lys Val Tyr Glu Gln Leu Ala Lys Tyr Leu Gln Leu Arg Asn Val Ile 45 50 55 gag cga ctc cag gaa gct aag cac tcg gag tta tat atg cag gtg gat 245 Glu Arg Leu Gln Glu Ala Lys His Ser Glu Leu Tyr Met Gln Val Asp 60 65 70 ttg ggc tgt aac ttc ttc gtt gac aca gtg gtc cca gat act tca cgc 293 Leu Gly Cys Asn Phe Phe Val Asp Thr Val Val Pro Asp Thr Ser Arg 75 80 85 atc tat gtg gcc ctg gga tat ggt ttt ttc ctg gag ttg aca ctg gca 341 Ile Tyr Val Ala Leu Gly Tyr Gly Phe Phe Leu Glu Leu Thr Leu Ala 90 95 100 gaa gct ctc aag ttc att gat cgt aag agc tct ctc ctc aca gag ctc 389 Glu Ala Leu Lys Phe Ile Asp Arg Lys Ser Ser Leu Leu Thr Glu Leu 105 110 115 120 agc aac agc ctc acc aag gac tcc atg aat atc aaa gcc cat atc cac 437 Ser Asn Ser Leu Thr Lys Asp Ser Met Asn Ile Lys Ala His Ile His 125 130 135 atg ttg cta gag ggg ctt aga gaa cta caa ggc ctg cag aat ttc cca 485 Met Leu Leu Glu Gly Leu Arg Glu Leu Gln Gly Leu Gln Asn Phe Pro 140 145 150 gag aag cct cac cat tga cttcttcccc ccatcctcag acattaaaga 533 Glu Lys Pro His His 155 gcctgaatgc ctttg 548 4 157 PRT Homo sapiens 4 Met Ala Thr Pro Pro Lys Arg Arg Ala Val Glu Ala Thr Gly Glu Lys 1 5 10 15 Val Leu Arg Tyr Glu Thr Phe Ile Ser Asp Val Leu Gln Arg Asp Leu 20 25 30 Arg Lys Val Leu Asp His Arg Asp Lys Val Tyr Glu Gln Leu Ala Lys 35 40 45 Tyr Leu Gln Leu Arg Asn Val Ile Glu Arg Leu Gln Glu Ala Lys His 50 55 60 Ser Glu Leu Tyr Met Gln Val Asp Leu Gly Cys Asn Phe Phe Val Asp 65 70 75 80 Thr Val Val Pro Asp Thr Ser Arg Ile Tyr Val Ala Leu Gly Tyr Gly 85 90 95 Phe Phe Leu Glu Leu Thr Leu Ala Glu Ala Leu Lys Phe Ile Asp Arg 100 105 110 Lys Ser Ser Leu Leu Thr Glu Leu Ser Asn Ser Leu Thr Lys Asp Ser 115 120 125 Met Asn Ile Lys Ala His Ile His Met Leu Leu Glu Gly Leu Arg Glu 130 135 140 Leu Gln Gly Leu Gln Asn Phe Pro Glu Lys Pro His His 145 150 155 5 30 DNA Artificial Sequence Artificial Sequence Synthesized oligonucleotide 5 cccgatatct catggcgacg ccccctaagc 30 6 30 DNA Artificial Sequence Artificial Sequence Synthesized oligonucleotide 6 cccgatatct caatggtgag gcttctctgg 30 7 28 DNA Artificial Sequence Artificial Sequence Synthesized oligonucleotide 7 cccgaattca tggcgacgcc ccctaagc 28 8 32 DNA Artificial Sequence Artificial Sequence Synthesized oligonucleotide 8 cccgtcgacg catggtgagg cttctctggg aa 32 9 1643 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (25)..(915) 9 aacatctggg gacagcggga aaac atg agt gac tcc aag gaa cca agg gtg 51 Met Ser Asp Ser Lys Glu Pro Arg Val 1 5 cag cag ctg ggc ctc ctg ggg tgt ctt ggc cat ggc gcc ctg gtg ctg 99 Gln Gln Leu Gly Leu Leu Gly Cys Leu Gly His Gly Ala Leu Val Leu 10 15 20 25 caa ctc ctc tcc ttc atg ctc ttg gct ggg gtc ctg gtg gcc atc ctt 147 Gln Leu Leu Ser Phe Met Leu Leu Ala Gly Val Leu Val Ala Ile Leu 30 35 40 gtc caa gtg tcc aag gtc ccc agc tcc cta agt cag gaa caa tcc gag 195 Val Gln Val Ser Lys Val Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Gln Glu Gln Ser Glu 45 50 55 caa gac gca atc tac cag aac ctg acc cag ctt aaa gct gca gtg ggt 243 Gln Asp Ala Ile Tyr Gln Asn Leu Thr Gln Leu Lys Ala Ala Val Gly 60 65 70 gag ctc tca gag aaa tcc aag ctg cag gag atc tac cag gag ctg acc 291 Glu Leu Ser Glu Lys Ser Lys Leu Gln Glu Ile Tyr Gln Glu Leu Thr 75 80 85 cag ctg aag gct gca gtg ggt gag ttg cca gag aaa tcc aag ctg cag 339 Gln Leu Lys Ala Ala Val Gly Glu Leu Pro Glu Lys Ser Lys Leu Gln 90 95 100 105 gag atc tac cag gag ctg acc cgg ctg aag gct gca gtg ggt gag ttg 387 Glu Ile Tyr Gln Glu Leu Thr Arg Leu Lys Ala Ala Val Gly Glu Leu 110 115 120 cca gag aaa tcc aag ctg cag gag atc tac cag gag ctg acc cgg ctg 435 Pro Glu Lys Ser Lys Leu Gln Glu Ile Tyr Gln Glu Leu Thr Arg Leu 125 130 135 aag gct gca gtg ggt gag ttg cca gag aaa tcc aag ctg cag gag atc 483 Lys Ala Ala Val Gly Glu Leu Pro Glu Lys Ser Lys Leu Gln Glu Ile 140 145 150 tac cag gag ctg acc cgg ctg aag gct gca gtg ggt gag ttg cca gag 531 Tyr Gln Glu Leu Thr Arg Leu Lys Ala Ala Val Gly Glu Leu Pro Glu 155 160 165 aaa tcc aag ctg cag gag atc tac cag gag ctg acg gag ctg aag gct 579 Lys Ser Lys Leu Gln Glu Ile Tyr Gln Glu Leu Thr Glu Leu Lys Ala 170 175 180 185 gca gtg ggt gag ttg cca gag aaa tcc aag ctg cag gag atc tac cag 627 Ala Val Gly Glu Leu Pro Glu Lys Ser Lys Leu Gln Glu Ile Tyr Gln 190 195 200 gag ctg acc cag ctg aag gct gca gtg ggt gag ttg cca gac cag tcc 675 Glu Leu Thr Gln Leu Lys Ala Ala Val Gly Glu Leu Pro Asp Gln Ser 205 210 215 aag cag cag caa atc tat caa gaa ctg acc gat ttg aag act gca ttt 723 Lys Gln Gln Gln Ile Tyr Gln Glu Leu Thr Asp Leu Lys Thr Ala Phe 220 225 230 gaa cgc ctg tgc cgc cac tgt ccc aag gac tgg aca ttc ttc caa gga 771 Glu Arg Leu Cys Arg His Cys Pro Lys Asp Trp Thr Phe Phe Gln Gly 235 240 245 aac tgt tac ttc atg tct aac tcc cag cgg aac tgg cac gac tcc gtc 819 Asn Cys Tyr Phe Met Ser Asn Ser Gln Arg Asn Trp His Asp Ser Val 250 255 260 265 acc gcc tgc cag gaa gtg agg gcc cag ctc gtc gta atc aaa act gct 867 Thr Ala Cys Gln Glu Val Arg Ala Gln Leu Val Val Ile Lys Thr Ala 270 275 280 gag gag cag ctt cca gcg gta ctg gaa cag tgg aga acc caa caa tag 915 Glu Glu Gln Leu Pro Ala Val Leu Glu Gln Trp Arg Thr Gln Gln 285 290 295 cgggaatgaa gactgtgcgg aatttagtgg cagtggctgg aacgacaatc gatgtgacgt 975 tgacaattac tggatctgca aaaagcccgc agcctgcttc agagacgaat agttgtttcc 1035 ctgctagcct cagcctccat tgtggtatag cagaacttca cccacttgta agccagcgct 1095 tcttctctcc atccttggac cttcacaaat gccctgagac ggttctctgt tcgatttttc 1155 atcccctatg aacctgggtc ttattctgtc cttctgatgc ctccaagttt ccctggtgta 1215 gagcttgtgt tcttggccca tccttggagc tttataagtg acctgagtgg gatgcattta 1275 gggggcgggc ttggtatgtt gtatgaatcc actctctgtt ccttttggag attagactat 1335 ttggattcat gtgtagctgc cctgtcccct ggggctttat ctcatccatg caaactacca 1395 tctgctcaac ttccagctac accccgtgca cccttttgac tggggacttg ctggttgaag 1455 gagctcatct tgcaggctgg aagcaccagg gaattaattc ccccagtcaa ccaatggcat 1515 ccagagaggg catggaggct ccatacaacc tcttccaccc ccacatcttt ctttgtccta 1575 tacatgtctt ccatttggct gtttctgagt tgtagccttt ataataaagt ggtaaatgtt 1635 gtaactgc 1643 10 2186 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (118)..(1236) 10 actctttctt cggctcgcga gctgagagga gcaggtagag gggcagaggc gggactgtcg 60 tctgggggag ccgcccagga ggctcctcag gccgacccca gaccctggct ggccagg 117 atg aag tat ctc cgg cac cgg cgg ccc aat gcc acc ctc att ctg gcc 165 Met Lys Tyr Leu Arg His Arg Arg Pro Asn Ala Thr Leu Ile Leu Ala 1 5 10 15 atc ggc gct ttc acc ctc ctc ctc ttc agt ctg cta gtg tca cca ccc 213 Ile Gly Ala Phe Thr Leu Leu Leu Phe Ser Leu Leu Val Ser Pro Pro 20 25 30 acc tgc aag gtc cag gag cag cca ccg gcg atc ccc gag gcc ctg gcc 261 Thr Cys Lys Val Gln Glu Gln Pro Pro Ala Ile Pro Glu Ala Leu Ala 35 40 45 tgg ccc act cca ccc acc cgc cca gcc ccg gcc ccg tgc cat gcc aac 309 Trp Pro Thr Pro Pro Thr Arg Pro Ala Pro Ala Pro Cys His Ala Asn 50 55 60 acc tct atg gtc acc cac ccg gac ttc gcc acg cag ccg cag cac gtt 357 Thr Ser Met Val Thr His Pro Asp Phe Ala Thr Gln Pro Gln His Val 65 70 75 80 cag aac ttc ctc ctg tac aga cac tgc cgc cac ttt ccc ctg ctg cag 405 Gln Asn Phe Leu Leu Tyr Arg His Cys Arg His Phe Pro Leu Leu Gln 85 90 95 gac gtg ccc ccc tct aag tgc gcg cag ccg gtc ttc ctg ctg ctg gtg 453 Asp Val Pro Pro Ser Lys Cys Ala Gln Pro Val Phe Leu Leu Leu Val 100 105 110 atc aag tcc tcc cct agc aac tat gtg cgc cgc gag ctg ctg cgg cgc 501 Ile Lys Ser Ser Pro Ser Asn Tyr Val Arg Arg Glu Leu Leu Arg Arg 115 120 125 acg tgg ggc cgc gag cgc aag gta cgg ggt ttg cag ctg cgc ctc ctc 549 Thr Trp Gly Arg Glu Arg Lys Val Arg Gly Leu Gln Leu Arg Leu Leu 130 135 140 ttc ctg gtg ggc aca gcc tcc aac ccg cac gag gcc cgc aag gtc aac 597 Phe Leu Val Gly Thr Ala Ser Asn Pro His Glu Ala Arg Lys Val Asn 145 150 155 160 cgg ctg ctg gag ctg gag gca cag act cac gga gac atc ctg cag tgg 645 Arg Leu Leu Glu Leu Glu Ala Gln Thr His Gly Asp Ile Leu Gln Trp 165 170 175 gac ttc cac gac tcc ttc ttc aac ctc acg ctc aag cag gtc ctg ttc 693 Asp Phe His Asp Ser Phe Phe Asn Leu Thr Leu Lys Gln Val Leu Phe 180 185 190 tta cag tgg cag gag aca agg tgc gcc aac gcc agc ttc gtg ctc aac 741 Leu Gln Trp Gln Glu Thr Arg Cys Ala Asn Ala Ser Phe Val Leu Asn 195 200 205 ggg gat gat gac gtc ttt gca cac aca gac aac atg gtc ttc tac ctg 789 Gly Asp Asp Asp Val Phe Ala His Thr Asp Asn Met Val Phe Tyr Leu 210 215 220 cag gac cat gac cct ggc cgc cac ctc ttc gtg ggg caa ctg atc caa 837 Gln Asp His Asp Pro Gly Arg His Leu Phe Val Gly Gln Leu Ile Gln 225 230 235 240 aac gtg ggc ccc atc cgg gct ttt tgg agc aag tac tat gtg cca gag 885 Asn Val Gly Pro Ile Arg Ala Phe Trp Ser Lys Tyr Tyr Val Pro Glu 245 250 255 gtg gtg act cag aat gag cgg tac cca ccc tat tgt ggg ggt ggt ggc 933 Val Val Thr Gln Asn Glu Arg Tyr Pro Pro Tyr Cys Gly Gly Gly Gly 260 265 270 ttc ttg ctg tcc cgc ttc acg gcc gct gcc ctg cgc cgt gct gcc cat 981 Phe Leu Leu Ser Arg Phe Thr Ala Ala Ala Leu Arg Arg Ala Ala His 275 280 285 gtc ttg gac atc ttc ccc att gat gat gtc ttc ctg ggt atg tgt ctg 1029 Val Leu Asp Ile Phe Pro Ile Asp Asp Val Phe Leu Gly Met Cys Leu 290 295 300 gag ctt gag gga ctg aag cct gcc tcc cac agc ggc atc cgc acg tct 1077 Glu Leu Glu Gly Leu Lys Pro Ala Ser His Ser Gly Ile Arg Thr Ser 305 310 315 320 ggc gtg cgg gct cca tcg caa cac ctg tcc tcc ttt gac ccc tgc ttc 1125 Gly Val Arg Ala Pro Ser Gln His Leu Ser Ser Phe Asp Pro Cys Phe 325 330 335 tac cga gac ctg ctg ctg gtg cac cgc ttc cta cct tat gag atg ctg 1173 Tyr Arg Asp Leu Leu Leu Val His Arg Phe Leu Pro Tyr Glu Met Leu 340 345 350 ctc atg tgg gat gcg ctg aac cag ccc aac ctc acc tgc ggc aat cag 1221 Leu Met Trp Asp Ala Leu Asn Gln Pro Asn Leu Thr Cys Gly Asn Gln 355 360 365 aca cag atc tac tga gtcagcatca gggtccccag cctctgggct cctgtttcca 1276 Thr Gln Ile Tyr 370 taggaagggg cgacaccttc ctcccaggaa gctgagacct ttgtggtctg agcataaggg 1336 agtgccaggg aaggtttgag gtttgatgag tgaatattct ggctggcgaa ctcctacaca 1396 tccttcaaaa cccacctggt actgttccag catcttccct ggatggctgg aggaactcca 1456 gaaaatatcc atcttctttt tgtggctgct aatggcagaa gtgcctgtgc tagagttcca 1516 actgtggatg catccgtccc gtttgagtca aagtcttact tccctgctct cacctactca 1576 cagacgggat gctaagcagt gcacctgcag tggtttaatg gcagataagc tccgtctgca 1636 gttccaggcc agccagaaac tcctgtgtcc acatagagct gacgtgagaa atatctttca 1696 gcccaggaga gaggggtcct gatcttaacc ctttcctggg tctcagacaa ctcagaaggt 1756 tggggggata ccagagaggt ggtggaatag gaccgccccc tccttacttg tgggatcaaa 1816 tgctgtaatg gtggaggtgt gggcagagga gggaggcaag tgtcctttga aagttgtgag 1876 agctcagagt ttctggggtc ctcattagga gcccccatcc ctgtgttccc caagaattca 1936 gagaacagca ctggggctgg aatgatcttt aatgggccca aggccaacag gcatatgcct 1996 cactactgcc tggagaaggg agagattcag gtcctccagc agcctccctc acccagtatg 2056 ttttacagat tacgggggga ccgggtgagc cagtgacccc ctgcagcccc cagcttcagg 2116 cctcagtgtc tgccagtcaa gcttcacagg cattgtgatg gggcagcctt ggggaatata 2176 aaattttgtg 2186 11 814 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (145)..(693) 11 agaatcccgg acagccctgc tccctgcagc caggtgtagt ttcgggagcc actggggcca 60 aagtgagagt ccagcggtct tccagcgctt gggccacggc ggcggccctg ggagcagagg 120 tggagcgacc ccattacgct aaag atg aaa ggc tgg ggt tgg ctg gcc ctg 171 Met Lys Gly Trp Gly Trp Leu Ala Leu 1 5 ctt ctg ggg gcc ctg ctg gga acc gcc tgg gct cgg agg agc cag gat 219 Leu Leu Gly Ala Leu Leu Gly Thr Ala Trp Ala Arg Arg Ser Gln Asp 10 15 20 25 ctc cac tgt gga gca tgc agg gct ctg gtg gat gaa cta gaa tgg gaa 267 Leu His Cys Gly Ala Cys Arg Ala Leu Val Asp Glu Leu Glu Trp Glu 30 35 40 att gcc cag gtg gac ccc aag aag acc att cag atg gga tct ttc cgg 315 Ile Ala Gln Val Asp Pro Lys Lys Thr Ile Gln Met Gly Ser Phe Arg 45 50 55 atc aat cca gat ggc agc cag tca gtg gtg gag gtg cct tat gcc cgc 363 Ile Asn Pro Asp Gly Ser Gln Ser Val Val Glu Val Pro Tyr Ala Arg 60 65 70 tca gag gcc cac ctc aca gag ctg ctg gag gag ata tgt gac cgg atg 411 Ser Glu Ala His Leu Thr Glu Leu Leu Glu Glu Ile Cys Asp Arg Met 75 80 85 aag gag tat ggg gaa cag att gat cct tcc acc cat cgc aag aac tac 459 Lys Glu Tyr Gly Glu Gln Ile Asp Pro Ser Thr His Arg Lys Asn Tyr 90 95 100 105 gta cgt gta gtg ggc cgg aat gga gaa tcc agt gaa ctg gac cta caa 507 Val Arg Val Val Gly Arg Asn Gly Glu Ser Ser Glu Leu Asp Leu Gln 110 115 120 ggc atc cga atc gac tca gat att agc ggc acc ctc aag ttt gcg tgt 555 Gly Ile Arg Ile Asp Ser Asp Ile Ser Gly Thr Leu Lys Phe Ala Cys 125 130 135 gag agc att gtg gag gaa tac gag gat gaa ctc att gaa ttc ttt tcc 603 Glu Ser Ile Val Glu Glu Tyr Glu Asp Glu Leu Ile Glu Phe Phe Ser 140 145 150 cga gag gct gac aat gtt aaa gac aaa ctt tgc agt aag cga aca gat 651 Arg Glu Ala Asp Asn Val Lys Asp Lys Leu Cys Ser Lys Arg Thr Asp 155 160 165 ctt tgt gac cat gcc ctg cac ata tcg cat gat gag cta tga 693 Leu Cys Asp His Ala Leu His Ile Ser His Asp Glu Leu 170 175 180 accactggag cagcccacac tggcttgatg gatcaccccc aggaggggaa aatggtggca 753 atgcctttta tatattatgt ttttactgaa attaactgaa aaaatatgaa accaaaagta 813 c 814 12 695 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (73)..(564) 12 aagatttcag ctgcgggacg gtcaggggag acctccaggc gcagggaagg acggccaggg 60 tgacacggaa gc atg cga cgg ctg ctg atc cct ctg gcc ctg tgg ctg ggc 111 Met Arg Arg Leu Leu Ile Pro Leu Ala Leu Trp Leu Gly 1 5 10 gcg gtg ggc gtg ggc gtc gcc gag ctc acg gaa gcc cag cgc cgg ggc 159 Ala Val Gly Val Gly Val Ala Glu Leu Thr Glu Ala Gln Arg Arg Gly 15 20 25 ctg cag gtg gcc ctg gag gaa ttt cac aag cac ccg ccc gtg cag tgg 207 Leu Gln Val Ala Leu Glu Glu Phe His Lys His Pro Pro Val Gln Trp 30 35 40 45 gcc ttc cag gag acc agt gtg gag agc gcc gtg gac acg ccc ttc cca 255 Ala Phe Gln Glu Thr Ser Val Glu Ser Ala Val Asp Thr Pro Phe Pro 50 55 60 gct gga ata ttt gtg agg ctg gaa ttt aag ctg cag cag aca agc tgc 303 Ala Gly Ile Phe Val Arg Leu Glu Phe Lys Leu Gln Gln Thr Ser Cys 65 70 75 cgg aag agg gac tgg aag aaa ccc gag tgc aaa gtc agg ccc aat ggg 351 Arg Lys Arg Asp Trp Lys Lys Pro Glu Cys Lys Val Arg Pro Asn Gly 80 85 90 agg aaa cgg aaa tgc ctg gcc tgc atc aaa ctg ggc tct gag gac aaa 399 Arg Lys Arg Lys Cys Leu Ala Cys Ile Lys Leu Gly Ser Glu Asp Lys 95 100 105 gtt ctg ggc cgg ttg gtc cac tgc ccc ata gag acc caa gtt ctg cgg 447 Val Leu Gly Arg Leu Val His Cys Pro Ile Glu Thr Gln Val Leu Arg 110 115 120 125 gag gct gag gag cac cag gag acc cag tgc ctc agg gtg cag cgg gct 495 Glu Ala Glu Glu His Gln Glu Thr Gln Cys Leu Arg Val Gln Arg Ala 130 135 140 ggt gag gac ccc cac agc ttc tac ttc cct gga cag ttc gcc ttc tcc 543 Gly Glu Asp Pro His Ser Phe Tyr Phe Pro Gly Gln Phe Ala Phe Ser 145 150 155 aag gcc ctg ccc cgc agc taa gccagcactg agctgcgtgg tgcctccagg 594 Lys Ala Leu Pro Arg Ser 160 accgctgccg gtggtaacca gtggaagacc ccagccccca gggagaggac cccgttctat 654 ccccagccat gataataaag ctgctctccc agctgcctct c 695 13 1451 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (105)..(1436) 13 actgcctgga aacgggctgg gcctgcctcg gacgccgccg gtgtcgcgga ttctctttcc 60 gcccgctcca tggcggtgga tgcctgactg gaagcccgag tggg atg cgg ctg acg 116 Met Arg Leu Thr 1 cgg aag cgg ctc tgc tcg ttt ctt atc gcc ctg tac tgc cta ttc tcc 164 Arg Lys Arg Leu Cys Ser Phe Leu Ile Ala Leu Tyr Cys Leu Phe Ser 5 10 15 20 ctc tac gct gcc tac cac gtc ttc ttc ggg cgc cgc cgc cag gcg ccg 212 Leu Tyr Ala Ala Tyr His Val Phe Phe Gly Arg Arg Arg Gln Ala Pro 25 30 35 gcc ggg tcc ccg cgg ggc ctc agg aag ggg gcg gcc ccc gcg cgg gag 260 Ala Gly Ser Pro Arg Gly Leu Arg Lys Gly Ala Ala Pro Ala Arg Glu 40 45 50 aga cgc ggc cga gaa cag tcc act ttg gaa agt gaa gaa tgg aat cct 308 Arg Arg Gly Arg Glu Gln Ser Thr Leu Glu Ser Glu Glu Trp Asn Pro 55 60 65 tgg gaa gga gat gaa aaa aat gag caa caa cac aga ttt aaa act agc 356 Trp Glu Gly Asp Glu Lys Asn Glu Gln Gln His Arg Phe Lys Thr Ser 70 75 80 ctt caa ata tta gat aaa tcc acg aaa gga aaa aca gat ctc agt gta 404 Leu Gln Ile Leu Asp Lys Ser Thr Lys Gly Lys Thr Asp Leu Ser Val 85 90 95 100 caa atc tgg ggc aaa gct gcc att ggc ttg tat ctc tgg gag cat att 452 Gln Ile Trp Gly Lys Ala Ala Ile Gly Leu Tyr Leu Trp Glu His Ile 105 110 115 ttt gaa ggc tta ctt gat ccc agc gat gtg act gct caa tgg aga gaa 500 Phe Glu Gly Leu Leu Asp Pro Ser Asp Val Thr Ala Gln Trp Arg Glu 120 125 130 gga aag tca atc gta gga aga aca cag tac agc ttc atc act ggt cca 548 Gly Lys Ser Ile Val Gly Arg Thr Gln Tyr Ser Phe Ile Thr Gly Pro 135 140 145 gct gta ata cca ggg tac ttc tcc gtt gat gtg aat aat gtg gta ctc 596 Ala Val Ile Pro Gly Tyr Phe Ser Val Asp Val Asn Asn Val Val Leu 150 155 160 att tta aat gga aga gaa aaa gca aag atc ttt tat gcc acc cag tgg 644 Ile Leu Asn Gly Arg Glu Lys Ala Lys Ile Phe Tyr Ala Thr Gln Trp 165 170 175 180 tta ctt tat gca caa aat tta gtg caa att caa aaa ctc cag cat ctt 692 Leu Leu Tyr Ala Gln Asn Leu Val Gln Ile Gln Lys Leu Gln His Leu 185 190 195 gct gtt gtt ttg ctc gga aat gaa cat tgt gat aat gag tgg ata aac 740 Ala Val Val Leu Leu Gly Asn Glu His Cys Asp Asn Glu Trp Ile Asn 200 205 210 cca ttc ctc aaa aga aat gga ggc ttc gtg gag ctg ctt ttc ata ata 788 Pro Phe Leu Lys Arg Asn Gly Gly Phe Val Glu Leu Leu Phe Ile Ile 215 220 225 tat gac agc ccc tgg att aat gac gtg gat gtt ttt cag tgg cct tta 836 Tyr Asp Ser Pro Trp Ile Asn Asp Val Asp Val Phe Gln Trp Pro Leu 230 235 240 gga gta gca aca tac agg aat ttt cct gtg gtg gag gca agt tgg tca 884 Gly Val Ala Thr Tyr Arg Asn Phe Pro Val Val Glu Ala Ser Trp Ser 245 250 255 260 atg ctg cat gat gag agg cca tat tta tgt aat ttc tta gga acg att 932 Met Leu His Asp Glu Arg Pro Tyr Leu Cys Asn Phe Leu Gly Thr Ile 265 270 275 tat gaa aat tca tcc aga cag gca cta atg aac att ttg aaa aaa gat 980 Tyr Glu Asn Ser Ser Arg Gln Ala Leu Met Asn Ile Leu Lys Lys Asp 280 285 290 ggg aac gat aag ctt tgt tgg gtt tca gca aga gaa cac tgg cag cct 1028 Gly Asn Asp Lys Leu Cys Trp Val Ser Ala Arg Glu His Trp Gln Pro 295 300 305 cag gaa aca aat gaa agt ctt aag aat tac caa gat gcc ttg ctt cag 1076 Gln Glu Thr Asn Glu Ser Leu Lys Asn Tyr Gln Asp Ala Leu Leu Gln 310 315 320 agt gat ctc aca ttg tgc ccg gtc gga gta aac aca gaa tgc tat cga 1124 Ser Asp Leu Thr Leu Cys Pro Val Gly Val Asn Thr Glu Cys Tyr Arg 325 330 335 340 atc tat gag gct tgc tcc tat ggc tcc att cct gtg gtg gaa gac gtg 1172 Ile Tyr Glu Ala Cys Ser Tyr Gly Ser Ile Pro Val Val Glu Asp Val 345 350 355 atg aca gct ggc aac tgt ggg aat aca tct gtg cac cac ggt gct cct 1220 Met Thr Ala Gly Asn Cys Gly Asn Thr Ser Val His His Gly Ala Pro 360 365 370 ctg cag tta ctc aag tcc atg ggt gct ccc ttt atc ttt atc aag aac 1268 Leu Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Met Gly Ala Pro Phe Ile Phe Ile Lys Asn 375 380 385 tgg aag gaa ctc cct gct gtt tta gaa aaa gag aaa act ata att tta 1316 Trp Lys Glu Leu Pro Ala Val Leu Glu Lys Glu Lys Thr Ile Ile Leu 390 395 400 caa gaa aaa att gaa aga aga aaa atg tta ctt cag tgg tat cag cac 1364 Gln Glu Lys Ile Glu Arg Arg Lys Met Leu Leu Gln Trp Tyr Gln His 405 410 415 420 ttc aag aca gag ctt aaa atg aaa ttt act aat att tta gaa agc tca 1412 Phe Lys Thr Glu Leu Lys Met Lys Phe Thr Asn Ile Leu Glu Ser Ser 425 430 435 ttt tta atg aat aat aaa agt taa ttatcttttt gagct 1451 Phe Leu Met Asn Asn Lys Ser 440 

1. A method for producing an antibody which comprises inoculating an expression vector expressing a fusion protein to an animal, isolating an antibody against an antigenic protein from the animal and purifying the antibody, wherein the fusion protein is an antigenic protein fused with the C-terminal of a transmembrane domain of which the N-terminal side is located in the cell and the C-terminal side is out of the cell.
 2. The method for producing an antibody of claim 1, wherein the transmembrane domain is a polypeptide having at least the amino acid sequence from 1st to 26th of SEQ ID NO.
 2. 3. An expression vector expressing a fusion protein in which an antigenic protein is fused with the C-terminal of transmembrane domain of which the N-terminal side is located in the cell and the C-terminal side is out of the cell.
 4. The expression vector of claim 3, wherein the transmembrane domain is a polypeptide having at least the amino acid sequence from 1st to 26th of SEQ ID NO.
 2. 